[Net-SNMP][5.7.3]インストール(ソースファイル)

Net-SNMPをソースファイルからインストールしてみます。

■公式サイト
http://www.net-snmp.org/

2014年12月にリリースされた「5.7.3」が最新バージョンとなっています。
もう2年近く更新されていませんが、開発が止まっているのか、枯れて安定しているのか、どっちでしょうね。

環境

インストールを行った環境は、以下の通りです。

• OS：CentOS 6.8

インストールするものは、以下です。

• Net-SNMP 5.7.3

事前準備

ソースファイルのダウンロード

以下のサイトから、ソースファイルをダウンロードします。

Net-SNMP

Net-SNMP

www.net-snmp.org

wgetでダウンロードする場合は、以下のような感じで大丈夫です。
ダウンロードしたファイルは、展開しておきましょう。

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/net-snmp/net-snmp/5.7.3/net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz
# tar zxvf net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz
# ls -al | grep -i net-snmp
drwxrwxr-x. 18 1274 1274 4096 Dec 8 2014 net-snmp-5.7.3
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6382428 Dec 8 2014 net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz

インストール

コンパイルオプション

早速、ソースファイルをコンパイルしていくのですが、その前にコンパイルオプションにはどのようなものがあるか確認してみます。

# cd net-snmp-5.7.3
# cat INSTALL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
=================

Table Of Contents
Quick Instructions
* Net-SNMP Specific Information
Long (but you should read these) Instructions
Installing the Perl/SNMP Module
* Compilers and Options
Compiling For Multiple Architectures
Installation Names
Optional Features
Sharing Defaults
Operation Controls

* = required reading

QUICK INSTRUCTIONS
==================

1) Run ./configure
(type "./configure --help" for a quick usage summary.)
(--prefix=PATH will change the default /usr/local installation path.)
(see "Compilers and Options" on changing the compiler to use)

2) Optionally edit include/net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h
(due to prompting done by the configure script, this is very rarely
necessary.)

3) make

4) Run the next command as root:
5) make install

6) configure the agent
(either using 'snmpconf' or by crafting an snmpd.conf file manually.
The file 'EXAMPLE.conf' may be a suitable starting point)

Note: By default, everything will be installed in /usr/local.
(see below for more instructions)

Net-SNMP Specific Information
=============================

As of UCD-SNMP V3.3.1 the configuration files are now looked for in
$(prefix)/share/snmp, where ($prefix) is defined as the value passed
to the --prefix argument of the configure script, or /usr/local if
undefined. In version 3.0.3 till 3.3, the files were kept in
$(prefix)/lib/snmp

Optional features to pass to configure for Net-SNMP can be obtained by
running configure --help.

LONG (but you should read these) INSTRUCTIONS
=============================================

The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file
`config.cache' that saves the results of its tests to speed up
reconfiguring, a file `config.log' containing compiler output
(useful mainly for debugging `configure') and a file `configure-summary'
containing the summary displayed at the end of the `configure' run.

The file `include/net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h' is also generated
at this time. It contains IMPORTANT information such as the location
of log and configuration files. In some special cases you may need to
modify this file but it is prefererable to work out a way of getting
`configure' to set things up for your particular environment.

As the `configure' invocation often gets lengthy and difficult to
type or if you have several different ways you want to configure a
system, you may want to create a shell script containing your invocation.

If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
be considered for the next release. If at some point `config.cache'
contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it.

The file `configure.in' is used to create `configure' by a program
called `autoconf'. You only need `configure.in' if you want to change
it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version of `autoconf'.

The simplest way to compile this package is:

1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
`./configure' to configure the package for your system. If you're
using `csh' on an old version of System V, you might need to type
`sh ./configure' instead to prevent `csh' from trying to execute
`configure' itself.

Running `configure' takes awhile. While running, it prints some
messages telling which features it is checking for. When it
completes it prints a short message (also available in configure-summary)
indicating what functionality will be available when compiled.

2. If necessary, edit include/net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h (see above).

3. Type `make' to compile the package.

4. Type `make test' which runs a variety of tests to see what functionality
has been incorporated and if it works.

5. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
documentation.

6. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'.

7. You can remove the application by typing `make uninstall'.

There may be additional installation issues discussed in the
README's for various platforms such as README.solaris.
Installing the Perl/SNMP Module
===============================

The Perl/SNMP Module is now bundled with the net-snmp package
(which includes other Net-SNMP specific modules as well), all of which
are located in the net-snmp/perl directory. The Perl package provides
a high level abstract interface to the functionality found in the
Net-SNMP libraries and demon applications.

It is recommended you install the perl modules as you build the
Net-SNMP package. The configure script can be run as follows to
automatically find perl and use it to install the perl modules:

./configure --with-perl-modules

If you wish to use the embedded perl support available in the
Net-SNMP agent (and starting in Net-SNMP 5.2, the trap receiver),
then use the following option instead:

./configure --enable-embedded-perl --enable-shared

Starting with Net-SNMP 5.4, configure enables embedded Perl and the
Perl modules by default when possible unless explicitly disabled.

If you wish to build the perl modules by hand, *install Net-SNMP
first* and then change directories to the perl subdirectory and:

Run:
cd perl
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install (as root)
Compilers and Options
=====================

Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
the `configure' script does not know about. You can give `configure'
initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using
a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like
this:
CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure

Or on systems that have the `env' program, you can do it like this:
env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure

Compiling For Multiple Architectures
====================================

You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that
supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the
directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.

If you have to use a `make' that does not supports the `VPATH'
variable, there is a `maketarget' script that will generate a symlink'ed
shadow-directory for the object files. Do a `sh maketarget', then `cd' into
targets/`config.guess` and do the configuration and installation.

Installation Names
==================

By default, `make install' will install the package's files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an
installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the
option `--prefix=PATH'.

You can specify separate installation prefixes for
architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
give `configure' the option `--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use
PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.

If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.

Optional Features
=================

Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
`README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the
package recognizes.

For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
`--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.

Specifying the System Type
==========================

There may be some features `configure' can not figure out
automatically, but needs to determine by the type of host the package
will run on. Usually `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
a message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the
`--host=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name with three fields:
CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM

See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
`config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
need to know the host type.

If you are building compiler tools for cross-compiling, you can also
use the `--target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will
produce code for and the `--build=TYPE' option to select the type of
system on which you are compiling the package.

Sharing Defaults
================

If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.

Operation Controls
==================

`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
operates.

`--cache-file=FILE'
Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of
`./config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to disable caching, for
debugging `configure'.

`--help'
Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit.

`--quiet'
`--silent'
`-q'
Do not print messages saying which checks are being made.

`--srcdir=DIR'
Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
`configure' can determine that directory automatically.

`--version'
Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
script, and exit.

`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options.

コンパイル

configureオプションは、「–prefix」と「–with-perl-modules」を指定することにしました。

コンパイル時に5つほど設定を指定する必要がありますが、特別に指定したい場合を除いて、初期値のままで問題ないと思います

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3 --with-perl-modules
checking what to build and install... agent apps man local mibs
using default persistent mask 077
using default temporary file pattern /tmp/snmpdXXXXXX
using default AgentX socket /var/agentx/master
using default "enterprise.net-snmp"
using default enterprise sysOID "NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpAgentOIDs..."
using default notifications "NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpNotifications"
using OS default send buffer size for server sockets
using OS default recv buffer size for server sockets
using OS default send buffer size for client sockets
using OS default recv buffer size for client sockets
checking whether to prompt for values... configure:

************** Configuration Section **************

You are about to be prompted with a series of questions. Answer
them carefully, as they determine how the SNMP agent and related
applications are to function.

After the configure script finishes, you can browse the newly
created net-snmp-config.h file for further - less important - parameters to
modify. Be careful if you re-run configure though, since net-snmp-config.h
will be overwritten.

-Press return to continue-

yes
checking Default version of SNMP to use...

*** Default SNMP Version:

Starting with Net-SNMP 5.0, you can choose the default version of
the SNMP protocol to use when no version is given explicitly on the
command line, or via an 'snmp.conf' file. In the past this was set to
SNMPv1, but you can use this to switch to SNMPv3 if desired. SNMPv3
will provide a more secure management environment (and thus you're
encouraged to switch to SNMPv3), but may break existing scripts that
rely on the old behaviour. (Though such scripts will probably need to
be changed to use the '-c' community flag anyway, as the SNMPv1
command line usage has changed as well.).
 At this prompt you can select "1", "2" (for SNMPv2c), or "3" as
the default version for the command tools (snmpget, ...) to use. This
can always be overridden at runtime using the -v flag to the tools, or
by using the "defVersion" token in your snmp.conf file.
 Providing the --with-default-snmp-version="x" parameter to ./configure
will avoid this prompt.

Default version of SNMP to use (3):

ディフォルトのSNMPバージョンを何にするか聞かれます。varsion 3 でいいと思いますので、そのままエンターキーで先に進みます。

setting Default version of SNMP to use to... 3
checking System Contact Information...

*** System Contact Information:

Describes who should be contacted about the host the agent is
running on. This information is available in the MIB-II tree. This
can also be over-ridden using the "syscontact" syntax in the agent's
configuration files.
 Providing the --with-sys-contact="contact" parameter to ./configure
will avoid this prompt.

System Contact Information (@@no.where):

システムコンタクトの情報を求められますが、ここも何も入力せずそのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting System Contact Information to... @@no.where
checking System Location...

*** System Location:

Describes the location of the system. This information is
available in the MIB-II tree. this can also be over-ridden using the
"syslocation" syntax in the agent's configuration files.
 Providing the --with-sys-location="location" parameter to ./configure
will avoid this prompt.

System Location (Unknown):

システムロケーションも、何も入力せずそのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting System Location to... Unknown
checking Location to write logfile...

*** Logfile location:

Enter the default location for the snmpd agent to dump
information & errors to. If not defined (enter the keyword "none"
at the prompt below) the agent will use stdout and stderr instead.
(Note: This value can be over-ridden using command line options.)
 Providing the --with-logfile="path" parameter to ./configure
will avoid this prompt.

Location to write logfile (/var/log/snmpd.log):

ログの出力先を指定します。ひとまず初期設定でいくことにします。そのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting Location to write logfile to... /var/log/snmpd.log
checking Location to write persistent information...

*** snmpd persistent storage location:

Enter a directory for the SNMP library to store persistent
data in the form of a configuration file. This default location is
different than the old default location (which was for ucd-snmp). If
you stay with the new path, I'll ask you in a second if you wish to
copy your files over to the new location (once only). If you pick
some other path than the default, you'll have to copy them yourself.
There is nothing wrong with picking the old path (/var/ucd-snmp) if
you'd rather.
 Providing the --with-persistent-directory="path" parameter to
./configure will avoid this prompt.

Location to write persistent information (/var/net-snmp):

SNMPの管理情報の保存場所を聞かれます。ここも初期設定でいいと思いますので、そのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting Location to write persistent information to... /var/net-snmp

こんな感じでサマリーが表示されました。

---------------------------------------------------------
Net-SNMP configuration summary:
---------------------------------------------------------

SNMP Versions Supported: 1 2c 3
Building for: linux
Net-SNMP Version: 5.7.3
Network transport support: Callback Unix Alias TCP UDP IPv4Base SocketBase TCPBase UDPIPv4Base UDPBase
SNMPv3 Security Modules: usm
Agent MIB code: default_modules => snmpv3mibs mibII ucd_snmp notification notification-log-mib target agent_mibs agentx disman/event disman/schedule utilities host
MYSQL Trap Logging: unavailable
Embedded Perl support: disabled
SNMP Perl modules: building -- not embeddable
SNMP Python modules: disabled
Crypto support from: crypto
Authentication support: MD5 SHA1
Encryption support: DES AES
Local DNSSEC validation: disabled

---------------------------------------------------------

make

続いて、makeしてインストールしましょう。

と思ったのですが、makeで以下のようなエラーが出てしまいました。

# make
・
・
Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 1.

調べてみると、Makefile.PLを書くのに必要なモジュールがないことが原因のようでした。
Perlモジュールを追加して、再度makeして無事に完了しました。

# yum install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
# make
# make test
# make install
# cd /usr/local
# ls -dl net-snmp-5.7.3
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Oct 22 12:46 net-snmp-5.7.3
# ln -s net-snmp-5.7.3/ net-snmp
# ls -al | grep net-snmp
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Oct 22 12:47 net-snmp -> net-snmp-5.7.3/
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Oct 22 12:46 net-snmp-5.7.3

net-snmp-configの修正

ここの対応は必要かどうかちょっと確信はないのですが、なんとなく必要そうな気がするのでメモしておきます。

「/usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config」というファイルに、インストール時に指定したprefixが書かれています。
今回の場合は「prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3」という感じです。

# less /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config
(44行目)
prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3

これを、シンボリックリンクで指定したディレクトリに変更しておきます。

# vi /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config
(44行目)
prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3
 ↓
prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp

これで、何か別のプログラムからnet-snmpにリンクした場合、net-snmpをバージョンアップしたときに古いバージョンにリンクした状態になることを防げる気がします。

どうですかね。。。

共有ライブラリの設定

インストール後、net-snmpの共有ライブラリを利用できるように、パスを追加しておきます。

/etc/ld.so.confを以下のように修正します。

# cat "/usr/local/net-snmp/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
# cat /etc/ld.so.conf
※末尾に「/usr/local/net-snmp/lib/」が追記されていればOK

ld.so.confを修正したら、ldconfigコマンドで再読み込みさせておきます。

# ldconfig

ということで、以上でインストールは完了です。