Net-SNMPをソースファイルからインストールしてみます。

■公式サイト http://www.net-snmp.org/

2014年12月にリリースされた「5.7.3」が最新バージョンとなっています。もう2年近く更新されていませんが、開発が止まっているのか、枯れて安定しているのか、どっちでしょうね。

環境

インストールを行った環境は、以下の通りです。

OS：CentOS 6.8

インストールするものは、以下です。

Net-SNMP 5.7.3

事前準備

ソースファイルのダウンロード

以下のサイトから、ソースファイルをダウンロードします。

http://www.net-snmp.org/download.html

wgetでダウンロードする場合は、以下のような感じで大丈夫です。ダウンロードしたファイルは、展開しておきましょう。

[bash]

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/net-snmp/net-snmp/5.7.3/net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz

tar zxvf net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz

ls -al | grep -i net-snmp

drwxrwxr-x. 18 1274 1274 4096 Dec 8 2014 net-snmp-5.7.3 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6382428 Dec 8 2014 net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz [/bash]

インストール

コンパイルオプション

早速、ソースファイルをコンパイルしていくのですが、その前にコンパイルオプションにはどのようなものがあるか確認してみます。

[bash]

cd net-snmp-5.7.3

cat INSTALL

Table Of Contents Quick Instructions * Net-SNMP Specific Information Long (but you should read these) Instructions Installing the Perl/SNMP Module * Compilers and Options Compiling For Multiple Architectures Installation Names Optional Features Sharing Defaults Operation Controls

= required reading

QUICK INSTRUCTIONS

1) Run ./configure (type "./configure --help" for a quick usage summary.) (--prefix=PATH will change the default /usr/local installation path.) (see "Compilers and Options" on changing the compiler to use)

2) Optionally edit include/net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h (due to prompting done by the configure script, this is very rarely necessary.)

3) make

4) Run the next command as root: 5) make install

6) configure the agent (either using 'snmpconf' or by crafting an snmpd.conf file manually. The file 'EXAMPLE.conf' may be a suitable starting point)

Note: By default, everything will be installed in /usr/local. (see below for more instructions)

Net-SNMP Specific Information

As of UCD-SNMP V3.3.1 the configuration files are now looked for in $(prefix)/share/snmp, where ($prefix) is defined as the value passed to the --prefix argument of the configure script, or /usr/local if undefined. In version 3.0.3 till 3.3, the files were kept in $(prefix)/lib/snmp

Optional features to pass to configure for Net-SNMP can be obtained by running configure --help.

LONG (but you should read these) INSTRUCTIONS

The configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses those values to create aMakefile' in each directory of the package. It may also create one or more .h' files containing system-dependent definitions. Finally, it creates a shell scriptconfig.status' that you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file config.cache' that saves the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring, a fileconfig.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for debugging configure') and a fileconfigure-summary' containing the summary displayed at the end of the `configure' run.

The file include/net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h' is also generated at this time. It contains IMPORTANT information such as the location of log and configuration files. In some special cases you may need to modify this file but it is prefererable to work out a way of gettingconfigure' to set things up for your particular environment.

As the `configure' invocation often gets lengthy and difficult to type or if you have several different ways you want to configure a system, you may want to create a shell script containing your invocation.

If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try to figure out how configure' could check whether to do them, and mail diffs or instructions to the address given in theREADME' so they can be considered for the next release. If at some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it.

The file configure.in' is used to createconfigure' by a program called autoconf'. You only needconfigure.in' if you want to change it or regenerate configure' using a newer version ofautoconf'.

The simplest way to compile this package is:

cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type./configure' to configure the package for your system. If you're using csh' on an old version of System V, you might need to typesh ./configure' instead to prevent csh' from trying to executeconfigure' itself.

Running `configure' takes awhile. While running, it prints some messages telling which features it is checking for. When it completes it prints a short message (also available in configure-summary) indicating what functionality will be available when compiled.

If necessary, edit include/net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h (see above).
Type `make' to compile the package.
Type `make test' which runs a variety of tests to see what functionality has been incorporated and if it works.
Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and documentation.
You can remove the program binaries and object files from the source code directory by typing make clean'. To also remove the files thatconfigure' created (so you can compile the package for a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'.
You can remove the application by typing `make uninstall'.

There may be additional installation issues discussed in the README's for various platforms such as README.solaris.

Installing the Perl/SNMP Module

The Perl/SNMP Module is now bundled with the net-snmp package (which includes other Net-SNMP specific modules as well), all of which are located in the net-snmp/perl directory. The Perl package provides a high level abstract interface to the functionality found in the Net-SNMP libraries and demon applications.

It is recommended you install the perl modules as you build the Net-SNMP package. The configure script can be run as follows to automatically find perl and use it to install the perl modules:

./configure --with-perl-modules

If you wish to use the embedded perl support available in the Net-SNMP agent (and starting in Net-SNMP 5.2, the trap receiver), then use the following option instead:

./configure --enable-embedded-perl --enable-shared

Starting with Net-SNMP 5.4, configure enables embedded Perl and the Perl modules by default when possible unless explicitly disabled.

If you wish to build the perl modules by hand, install Net-SNMP first and then change directories to the perl subdirectory and:

Run: cd perl perl Makefile.PL make make test make install (as root)

Compilers and Options

Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that the configure' script does not know about. You can giveconfigure' initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like this: CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure

Or on systems that have the `env' program, you can do it like this: env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure

Compiling For Multiple Architectures

You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their own directory. To do this, you must use a version of make' that supports theVPATH' variable, such as GNU make'.cd' to the directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run the configure' script.configure' automatically checks for the source code in the directory that configure' is in and in..'.

If you have to use a make' that does not supports theVPATH' variable, there is a maketarget' script that will generate a symlink'ed shadow-directory for the object files. Do ash maketarget', then cd' into targets/config.guess` and do the configuration and installation.

Installation Names

By default, make install' will install the package's files in/usr/local/bin', /usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an installation prefix other than/usr/local' by giving configure' the option--prefix=PATH'.

You can specify separate installation prefixes for architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you give configure' the option--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries. Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.

If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving configure' the option--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.

Optional Features

Some packages pay attention to --enable-FEATURE' options toconfigure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package. They may also pay attention to --with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE is something likegnu-as' or x' (for the X Window System). TheREADME' should mention any --enable-' and--with-' options that the package recognizes.

For packages that use the X Window System, configure' can usually find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't, you can use theconfigure' options --x-includes=DIR' and--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.

Specifying the System Type

There may be some features configure' can not figure out automatically, but needs to determine by the type of host the package will run on. Usuallyconfigure' can figure that out, but if it prints a message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the --host=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system type, such assun4', or a canonical name with three fields: CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM

See the file config.sub' for the possible values of each field. Ifconfig.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't need to know the host type.

If you are building compiler tools for cross-compiling, you can also use the --target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will produce code for and the--build=TYPE' option to select the type of system on which you are compiling the package.

If you want to set default values for configure' scripts to share, you can create a site shell script calledconfig.site' that gives default values for variables like CC',cache_file', and prefix'.configure' looks for PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, thenPREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script. A warning: not allconfigure' scripts look for a site script.

Operation Controls

`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it operates.

--cache-file=FILE' Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of./config.cache'. Set FILE to /dev/null' to disable caching, for debuggingconfigure'.

--help' Print a summary of the options toconfigure', and exit.

--quiet'--silent' `-q' Do not print messages saying which checks are being made.

--srcdir=DIR' Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usuallyconfigure' can determine that directory automatically.

--version' Print the version of Autoconf used to generate theconfigure' script, and exit.

`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. [/bash]

コンパイル

configureオプションは、「--prefix」と「--with-perl-modules」を指定することにしました。

コンパイル時に5つほど設定を指定する必要がありますが、特別に指定したい場合を除いて、初期値のままで問題ないと思います

[bash highlight="51,67,82,98,118"]

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3 --with-perl-modules

checking what to build and install... agent apps man local mibs using default persistent mask 077 using default temporary file pattern /tmp/snmpdXXXXXX using default AgentX socket /var/agentx/master using default "enterprise.net-snmp" using default enterprise sysOID "NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpAgentOIDs..." using default notifications "NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpNotifications" using OS default send buffer size for server sockets using OS default recv buffer size for server sockets using OS default send buffer size for client sockets using OS default recv buffer size for client sockets checking whether to prompt for values... configure:

Configuration Section

You are about to be prompted with a series of questions. Answer them carefully, as they determine how the SNMP agent and related applications are to function.

After the configure script finishes, you can browse the newly created net-snmp-config.h file for further - less important - parameters to modify. Be careful if you re-run configure though, since net-snmp-config.h will be overwritten.

-Press return to continue-

yes checking Default version of SNMP to use...

*** Default SNMP Version:

Starting with Net-SNMP 5.0, you can choose the default version of the SNMP protocol to use when no version is given explicitly on the command line, or via an 'snmp.conf' file. In the past this was set to SNMPv1, but you can use this to switch to SNMPv3 if desired. SNMPv3 will provide a more secure management environment (and thus you're encouraged to switch to SNMPv3), but may break existing scripts that rely on the old behaviour. (Though such scripts will probably need to be changed to use the '-c' community flag anyway, as the SNMPv1 command line usage has changed as well.). At this prompt you can select "1", "2" (for SNMPv2c), or "3" as the default version for the command tools (snmpget, ...) to use. This can always be overridden at runtime using the -v flag to the tools, or by using the "defVersion" token in your snmp.conf file. Providing the --with-default-snmp-version="x" parameter to ./configure will avoid this prompt.

Default version of SNMP to use (3):

ディフォルトのSNMPバージョンを何にするか聞かれます。varsion 3 でいいと思いますので、そのままエンターキーで先に進みます。

setting Default version of SNMP to use to... 3 checking System Contact Information...

*** System Contact Information:

Describes who should be contacted about the host the agent is running on. This information is available in the MIB-II tree. This can also be over-ridden using the "syscontact" syntax in the agent's configuration files. Providing the --with-sys-contact="contact" parameter to ./configure will avoid this prompt.

System Contact Information (@@no.where):

システムコンタクトの情報を求められますが、ここも何も入力せずそのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting System Contact Information to... @@no.where checking System Location...

*** System Location:

Describes the location of the system. This information is available in the MIB-II tree. this can also be over-ridden using the "syslocation" syntax in the agent's configuration files. Providing the --with-sys-location="location" parameter to ./configure will avoid this prompt.

System Location (Unknown):

システムロケーションも、何も入力せずそのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting System Location to... Unknown checking Location to write logfile...

*** Logfile location:

Enter the default location for the snmpd agent to dump information &amp;amp;amp; errors to. If not defined (enter the keyword "none" at the prompt below) the agent will use stdout and stderr instead. (Note: This value can be over-ridden using command line options.) Providing the --with-logfile="path" parameter to ./configure will avoid this prompt.

Location to write logfile (/var/log/snmpd.log):

ログの出力先を指定します。ひとまず初期設定でいくことにします。そのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting Location to write logfile to... /var/log/snmpd.log checking Location to write persistent information...

*** snmpd persistent storage location:

Enter a directory for the SNMP library to store persistent data in the form of a configuration file. This default location is different than the old default location (which was for ucd-snmp). If you stay with the new path, I'll ask you in a second if you wish to copy your files over to the new location (once only). If you pick some other path than the default, you'll have to copy them yourself. There is nothing wrong with picking the old path (/var/ucd-snmp) if you'd rather. Providing the --with-persistent-directory="path" parameter to ./configure will avoid this prompt.

Location to write persistent information (/var/net-snmp):

SNMPの管理情報の保存場所を聞かれます。ここも初期設定でいいと思いますので、そのままエンターキーで先に進みましょう。

setting Location to write persistent information to... /var/net-snmp [/bash]

こんな感じでサマリーが表示されました。

[bash]

Net-SNMP configuration summary:

SNMP Versions Supported: 1 2c 3 Building for: linux Net-SNMP Version: 5.7.3 Network transport support: Callback Unix Alias TCP UDP IPv4Base SocketBase TCPBase UDPIPv4Base UDPBase SNMPv3 Security Modules: usm Agent MIB code: default_modules =&amp;gt; snmpv3mibs mibII ucd_snmp notification notification-log-mib target agent_mibs agentx disman/event disman/schedule utilities host MYSQL Trap Logging: unavailable Embedded Perl support: disabled SNMP Perl modules: building -- not embeddable SNMP Python modules: disabled Crypto support from: crypto Authentication support: MD5 SHA1 Encryption support: DES AES Local DNSSEC validation: disabled

[/bash]

make

続いて、makeしてインストールしましょう。

と思ったのですが、makeで以下のようなエラーが出てしまいました。

[bash]

make

・・ Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 1. [/bash]

調べてみると、Makefile.PLを書くのに必要なモジュールがないことが原因のようでした。 Perlモジュールを追加して、再度makeして無事に完了しました。

[bash]

yum install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

make

make test

make install

cd /usr/local

ls -dl net-snmp-5.7.3

drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Oct 22 12:46 net-snmp-5.7.3

ln -s net-snmp-5.7.3/ net-snmp

ls -al | grep net-snmp

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Oct 22 12:47 net-snmp -&gt; net-snmp-5.7.3/ drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Oct 22 12:46 net-snmp-5.7.3 [/bash]

net-snmp-configの修正

ここの対応は必要かどうかちょっと確信はないのですが、なんとなく必要そうな気がするのでメモしておきます。

「/usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config」というファイルに、インストール時に指定したprefixが書かれています。今回の場合は「prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3」という感じです。

[bash]

less /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config

(44行目) prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3 [/bash]

これを、シンボリックリンクで指定したディレクトリに変更しておきます。

[bash]

vi /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config

(44行目) prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3 ↓ prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp [/bash]

これで、何か別のプログラムからnet-snmpにリンクした場合、net-snmpをバージョンアップしたときに古いバージョンにリンクした状態になることを防げる気がします。

どうですかね。。。

共有ライブラリの設定

インストール後、net-snmpの共有ライブラリを利用できるように、パスを追加しておきます。

/etc/ld.so.confを以下のように修正します。

[bash]

cat "/usr/local/net-snmp/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

cat /etc/ld.so.conf

※末尾に「/usr/local/net-snmp/lib/」が追記されていればOK [/bash]

ld.so.confを修正したら、ldconfigコマンドで再読み込みさせておきます。

[bash]

ldconfig

[/bash]

ということで、以上でインストールは完了です。

環境

事前準備

ソースファイルのダウンロード

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/net-snmp/net-snmp/5.7.3/net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz

tar zxvf net-snmp-5.7.3.tar.gz

ls -al | grep -i net-snmp

インストール

コンパイルオプション

cd net-snmp-5.7.3

cat INSTALL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

QUICK INSTRUCTIONS

Net-SNMP Specific Information

LONG (but you should read these) INSTRUCTIONS

Installing the Perl/SNMP Module

Compilers and Options

Compiling For Multiple Architectures

Installation Names

Optional Features

Specifying the System Type

Sharing Defaults

Operation Controls

コンパイル

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp-5.7.3 --with-perl-modules

[bash]

Net-SNMP configuration summary:

make

make

yum install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker

make

make test

make install

cd /usr/local

ls -dl net-snmp-5.7.3

ln -s net-snmp-5.7.3/ net-snmp

ls -al | grep net-snmp

net-snmp-configの修正

less /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config

vi /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/net-snmp-config

共有ライブラリの設定

cat "/usr/local/net-snmp/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

cat /etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig